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What is the sexual and reproductive system?

It is important to learn about parts of the sexual and reproductive system to enjoy a fulfilling sexual and reproductive life. Developing an awareness about the human body allows us to prevent infections and pregnancy, and to make our sexual experiences more pleasurable.

The following section provides a short description about parts of the reproductive system of an adult.

Fallopian tubes

The Ova travels from the ovary to the uterus through fallopian tubes.

Ovaries

Female sexual hormones estrogen and progestin are released by the ovaries. Until eggs (also called ova) mature, they can be found inside the ovaries.

Uterus

A cavity like inverted pear-shaped organ. In a pregnancy, the fetus develops inside the uterus.

Endometrium

The endometrium is the tissue that lines the uterus. In preparation of pregnancy, endometrium thickens to maintain the pregnancy, and when there is no implantation, the top layer of the endometrium shreds as the menstrual blood through the vagina.

Cervix

A narrow opening at the bottom of the uterus. This is situated between the vagina and the uterus.

Vagina

A cavity-like organ made of muscle tissue. Vagina connects the uterus to the external body.

Hymen

A very thin tissue that covers the vaginal opening partially in varying degrees. While the hymen can take many shapes, some women are born without a hymen. Hymen has no effect on the sexual and reproductive life.

Clitoris

The clitoris is located at the top of the external genitalia. It appears as a soft protrusion between the labia majora. The illustration shows the parts of the clitoris that extend inside the body. When sexually aroused, blood rushes to the clitoris and female sexual pleasure can be achieved by stimulating the clitoris.

Labia majora and labia minora

The parts that look like lips which surround the vaginal opening are known as labia majora and labia minora. Labia situated closer to the vaginal opening are labia minora and the outer labia are labia majora.

It is normal to have moisture between the labia. If it is itchy or if there is a burning sensation, it is important to see a doctor.

Vaginal opening

In the middle of the vulva, vaginal opening can be found as a hole. Menstrual blood exits through the vaginal opening.

Sexual pleasure can come from inserting a penis or another object into the vaginal opening. If ejaculation occurs, pregnancy is possible. To ensure safety, always use clean, body-safe objects.

Typically, girls start their periods between ages 10 and 16. However, each girl’s experience of puberty is unique, and the exact age can vary.

Menstruation is a natural occurrence in a girl’s life.

Testes (Testicles)

Sperm is produced inside the testes.

Scrotum

Situated externally to hold the testes.

Penis

Sperm exits through the penis.

Prostate gland

Produces fluid needed for the sperm to nourish and swim.

Foreskin

The piece of skin covering the tip of the penis called the glans penis.

When boys reach puberty, reproductive organs develop. First boys experience testicular enlargement and secondly, the enlargement of the penis. At the same time, there is a change in function. It is around this time that sperm production also begins inside the testes and sperm begins to exit the body combined with semen. When this occurs during sleep that’s is known as wet dreams.

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Access to these contraceptives is made easy through public hospitals and health centers where they are provided for free. Families can talk to doctors and nurses to learn about.

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